Usa, commemorations for the September 11, Bush and Obama together at Ground Zero

Ten years after the attack on the twin towers, America honors its victims. The first to do so are members of the US national rugby union team, who are in New Zealand for the start of the World Championship. The mass of suffrage follows a minute of silence in the field, before the start of the race with Ireland. Then American players take the field wearing a black arm band. President Barack Obama, who yesterday went in Arlington National Cemetery, the graves of soldiers killed in Iraq and Afghanistan, send American citizens his message via radio and on you tube: "America today is stronger. And al-Qaida is on the road to defeat ". At the end of the ceremony at Ground Zero the US President said his staff was "strongly impressed" by the celebration and "particularly moved" from the reading of the names of the victims by the family. US Vice President Joe Biden, went instead to Shanksville, Pennsylvania, where he fell the United Airlines Flight 93, which according to the intent of terrorists – would have to hit a symbol of American democracy, Congress.

Follow the Chronicle of celebrations:

16.43-Obama leaves the ceremony still going to go to Jfk airport in New York. Accompanied by his wife, will go to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to reach the site where Flight 93 crashed on United Airlines

16.32 – Paul Simon sings the famous "Sound of silence" to close the ceremony at Ground Zero

16.03-Ground Zero still in silence to remember the collapse of the South Tower of World Trade Center. It was the second to be affected, from 145 United Airlines flight, but the first to collapse. Then it starts reading the names of the victims, some pairs of family. Also a voice resonates in English: "Laura ti voglio tanto bene, you're always in my heart".

16.01 – in front of the Pentagon a minute's silence at 09.37 am local time, recalled the victims of the third plane hijacked, and crashed into the building. The ceremony is presided over by vice President Joe Biden and Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta, with the participation of 187 families of victims. Obama will come later for the deposition of a Crown.

15.35 – among the applause, the former President Bush read a piece by Abraham Lincoln on the dead for the cause in the American civil war. Comparing the speeches of Bush and Obama, the first was applauded as the current President. The victims ' families have entered the Memorial at Ground Zero: many have tried the name of their loved ones written on the Stone Edge surrounding the large cascade in memory of the victims. Some stopped to caress the hand engraved name on the stone or have it repeat with pencil on a piece of paper.

14.48 – First moment of silence to remember the crash of the first aircraft against the North Tower of World trade Center. Were 8.46.

14.46-the ceremony began with the sound of bagpipes and the national anthem sung by a choir of young Brooklyn, all dressed in a blue and white, the colours chosen to symbolize the Memorial. The American President has read the Psalm 146 of the Bible: "we will have no fear. He makes wars cease until the end of the Earth: breaks the bow and shatters the spear, burn with fire-wagons ".

14.30 – Obama, Bush and their wives (all in black dress) wait in silence in front of the waterfall Memorial of 11 September.

14.14-Barack Obama, George w. Bush, New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg, Governors Chris Christie and Andrew Cuomo, the former New York Governor George Pataki and former mayor Rudolph Giuliani arrived at Ground Zero, where the ceremony will begin with the list of names and surnames of the victims (2,752 persons, 90 different nationalities). The reading of names will be interrupted by four moments of silence, four minutes of silence at the two impacts on the towers and their collapse. There is no official discourse, but read some poems.

Usa, in ten years the theories complottistesull ' 11 September have proliferated

The twin towers were demolished by controlled explosion plan after plan. The Pentagon was hit by a missile, and not by a plane. The hijacked planes were imbottititi of explosive (and their passengers, kidnapped, were killed elsewhere and dumped into the Ocean). The building 7 of the World Trade Center, next to the Twin towers, was demolished intentionally and not collapsed as a result of the fire. Israel has conceived and organised the attack, to provoke a global conflict between United States and the Arab world (and the Mossad warned Jews who worked in the twin towers to stay home on the morning of September 11).

Any event, since the assassination in Dallas of JFK, has given rise to so many ideas and theories complottiste. According to many of these are widely present in the network, the 11 September would be the result of a conspiracy of the US Government to impose an authoritarian regime and restore oxygen, through military expenditure and control of energy sources, declining to capitalism. The first doubts about the official version of the attack are on the other hand, and date back to the moments immediately following the collapse of the skyscrapers. As narrated by Robyn Swan and Anthony Summers, authors of The Eleventh Day: The Full Story of 9/11 and Osama bin Laden, already in the afternoon of 11 September, a boy named David Rostcheck left the Chair in front of the TV, where he had witnessed the disaster, set to the computer. In a chatroom wrote: "it seems that there has been a fire but a controlled demolition. If you do not tell us something more in the next few days, then there is indeed something strange ".

By that afternoon the theories complottiste have proliferated. If some environments friendly to have very little credibility (the Zionist conspiracy theory was for example raised by authors who deny the Holocaust, and has no basis: a dead on ten of the 11 September was Jewish), and in many other cases the conspiracy idea grew in academic circles, among ex-officials of the Cia and Fbi and between the same US army ranks. One of the most known propagators of doubts about the official version is for example a theology Professor, David Griffin, who has written nine books to prove that the attacks "were conceived within the State apparatus" to justify in front of the international public opinion the war in the Middle East.

Through the years such theories have extended well beyond the restricted circles of the Academy and experts and passionate intelligence. A 2006 survey indicated that an American on three believed the Bush Administration had somehow lied (or directly planning attacks, or doing nothing to avoid them, in order to invade Iraq). The phenomenon has taken on dimensions such as to lead the US Government to publish in 2009 a document on its website to clarify major doubts. Without much success. The truthers, supporters of the conspiracy, they continue to spread their thesis and to sow doubts (also thanks to the extraordinary flying offered by the network). Here are four of the most accredited complottiste thesis (and the reasons that make them little credible).

Vice President Dick Cheney ordered the American military aviation does not stand up in flight and not to intercept the hijacked planes. This would explain the delay in the response capacity of the Bush administration. The official version instead rotates on a lack of coordination between organs of civil air traffic control (Faa) and military aviation. The multiple-character attacks, an anti-aircraft system conceived at the time of the cold war and addressed outside of the country, deactivating identification instruments on board, would the other elements capable of explaining the slowness in the reaction.One of the most widespread theories complottiste (incurred for example in the books by Steven Jones, a physicist of Brigham Young University) about the possibility that the two towers were torn down through a series of explosive charges (that would seem to be accredited by the images of explosions in the upper floors of buildings). In fact, each controlled demolition of a building occurs by shine the lower floors. More. A search of the National Institute of Standards and Technology concluded that the impact of aircraft against the two towers permanently damaged pillars. 10 thousand gallons of gasoline, spread over several floors, burst fire. Under the influence of high temperatures, the floors began to swell, while even the perimeter columns sagged and put in place a series of dynamic processes which led to the final collapse.In 9/11. The Big Lie, the French Thierry Meyssan has argued that the Pentagon was destroyed by a missile, and that the remains of a plane were brought on site to simulate the disaster. In fact, dozens of bodies of passengers and crew members were found in the area of impact. The aircraft was seen circling over the Pentagon, and was photographed by many. No evidence indicating the distribution of the remains of a plane on the site of the disaster was never found.Some truthers argue that the hijacked planes were stuffed with explosives, and who were explode with a remote-controlled mechanism. The alleged passengers on board were killed elsewhere and their bodies then dumped in the ocean. Here too there is evidence that demonstrate unequivocally the presence of passengers aboard the hijacked planes. Phone games by aircraft, and directed to family and friends of passengers were made with the phones on the back of chairs.Earlier this September 11 articoloUsa, ten years after
How has changed the economiaUn children's book about September 11
And ' controversy on "Muslim extremists" use, the security industry
flourished in the shadow of the twin towers

Usa, September 11 ten years dopoCome has changed the economy

The terrorists of 11 September, the World Trade Center was the symbol of American capitalism. Destroy the two towers it meant destroying the economic system that had led the United States to be the first world power. Ten years later, the United States and the world are still paying the effects – economic, financial, social – of that event.

"It was not the 11 September changed the American economy," explains Anita Dancs, who teaches economics at Western New England University-. It's the way we respond to September 11 that changed the economy ". The idea that the most sensational terrorist act on American soil has been deep in the capitalist system seems in fact accepted by most scholars and who acts and works in the financial world, American or not. The one on which there is still no unanimity is what that Act has changed the capitalistic system.

There are those who, for example, counting the costs of 11 September, put everything, but really everything: human and material damage of the attacks, the stock market crash (the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell by 14 points in the hours immediately after the attack), increases in the price of petrol, the cost of renewed security systems at airports, government offices, roads, new shipping and insurance rates, and especially military expenditures in Iraq and Afghanistan.

For supporters of the "maximalist thesis", the 11 September has cost the United States over 4 thousand billion. A huge figure, which has further increased the already appalling debt and eroded, perhaps forever, the living standards of Americans. Above all, the 11 September would have introduced some policy "disastrous bad habits", which hardly you will return back. "For the first time since the American Revolution, the costs of the war were funded relying largely on debt," wrote Linda Bilmes and Nobel laureate Joseph Stiglitz, author of "The Three Trillion Dollar War". (For the two economists, only the costs of the wars in Afghanistan and in Iraq will cost the United States 4 trillion).

The "maximalist thesis" not like those who notice a too automatic mechanism of cause and effect. After 2002, in fact, many important things have happened, in no way connected – or hardly traceable to the terror and destruction that swept through the United States the 11 September. How to tie it to 11 September, the real estate bubble, followed by the mortgage crisis, followed by the financial crisis that has nurtured the most serious global economic downturn since the Wall Street crash of 1929? Better, much better, according to the proponents of a "minimum thesis", be limited to matters of actual damages, and in the short term, the attacks.

"September 11 was little more than a beep," explained to the Associated Press Adam Rose, terrorism expert and economics of the University of Southern California. Fixed costs Rose tragedy at around 130 billion dollars and CITES, as evidence of its argument, the fact that in early November 2001, the Dow Jones Industrial Average was quickly returned to pre-September 11 levels. Other factors also seem somehow devalue the centrality of terrorist acts. If today, motorists pay petrol double in 2001, not only from bloody feuds erupted in areas of oil production, but from the fact that the demand for energy is increased with the appearance on the stage of the world's other powers, and hundreds of millions of new consumers.

The one on which today appears to be a near total unanimity is the price paid for the increased security measures. "The true discriminant of September 11 is this – tells us David Cole, a lawyer from Georgetown University. The attacks did grow out of proportion the security industry ". A report of a Senate Committee has evaluated in about 400 billion expenditure incurred by the Federal Government to avoid the dreaded, and evoked, repetition of 11 September. 40 billion were paid only to increase security at airports.

Instead it is more difficult to calculate how much they spent companies to make their business more secure. Privacy issues are often kept well hidden numbers these outputs (often transferred to consumers). But "doing business in the United States has become increasingly expensive after September 2001," said Sung Won Sohn of the California State University at Channel Islands. New security staff, video surveillance, screening at the entrance of workplaces, secure computer systems (especially for banks and financial institutions) have multiplied the costs. The financial crisis and the assassination of Osama bin-Laden, should have decreased perception of the danger and possibility of support costs so high. "At this point, however, is difficult to go back, and dismantle the Pharaonic security system," explains Cole.

It is however difficult to stand from the head that the real economic legacy of September 11 have their own military expenditure, the river of money pumped by the Bush administration, and then from that Obama, in Afghanistan, in Iraq, in any other part of the world in which the United States have perceived a (supposed) danger. The 4 trillion that Stiglitz and Bilmes have seen take the road of Afghanistan and Iraq were stolen at work, investment, health, education. "You can't spend billions in a failed war abroad, and not feel the pain at home," they wrote Stiglitz and Bilnes. Apart from the numbers and percentages, it is precisely that "pain" – in homes, on the boards, schools and hospitals – that Americans have more perceived after September 2001.

A children's book about September 11 and ' controversy on "Muslim extremists"

A children's book, coloring. A poetic title: the book of the freedom of the children. Yet the volume of the Really Big Coloring Books, a publishing company of Missouri, is raising a torrent of criticism and commentary. "It's disgusting," said Dawud Walid of the Council on American-Islamic Relations. "It's a job that he wants to educate and not to offend," responds Wayne Bell, Director of Coloring Books. The subject of the dispute is the manner in which the book – which tells the story of the two towers and the killing of Osama bin-Laden – represents the Muslims. The phrase "radical extremist Muslims" is used for ben 10 times. And bin-Laden is drawn when it is going to be killed by special forces USE. Behind a woman, wearing the Islamic veil.

Ten years after the September 11, the theme of the relationship between Islam and the United States continues to create tension and embarrassment. A survey by the Washington Post explains that 31% of Americans believe that Islam more institutional "encourages violence." For their part, American Muslims do not hide a strong discomfort. The 55% (according to a study by the Pew Research Center) is thought to be still subject to pressures and discrimination: controls at airports, distrust in school and in the workplace, vandalism against mosques and Islamic cultural centres. Attempts to cool the tones are, by both sides. The White House has invited the Boxer, British and Muslim, Amir Khan, his celebration of 11 September. The sport for two years, which resides in the United States, is continually blocked and interrogated before taking a plane. And Muslims used to remember the tragedy, have organized the campaign "Muslims for Life", which plans to collect blood, donated by Muslims, so save at least 10 thousand lives.

"For ten years I cannot free myself from a sense of unease. I was almost out of place ". He tells Butheina Hamed, daughter of Syrian immigrants who emigrated in the United States in the 1970s. Butheina, who today lives in Emerson, New Jersey, had eleven years in 2001. Remember the day of the tragedy. "I was in school, in class. Someone came in, said that there had been a great bombing in New York. I prayed because the authors were not Muslims. " Today Butheina not wearing the Islamic veil. It was a decision taken after months of discussions, in the family, especially with the younger sister, Zanubya (which still carries). "But for years I covered myself in the head. My mother wanted, feared that on the way home from school I aggredisse, and doing evil ". Butheina is about to graduate in romance languages at Rutgers University. "With fellow okay – says. But I bring the need giustificarmi, to highlight every time that bin-Laden is not my leader, my values are those of all Americans. "

The equation Islam/opposition to the values of the West was in these years, nourished by politicians of the Republican right. A referendum passed in Oklahoma last 2 November, sponsored by Republican Congressman and lawyer Rex Duncan, has banned Islamic law by the courts of the State. No Muslim in Oklahoma or in other parts of the United States, had never asked for the imposition of Islamic law; and no court had recognized the precedence of Islamic law on the Constitution. The rise of the Tea Party has further exacerbated the situation. The recent midterm elections, Sharron Angle, favorite of the Tea Party, announced that Islam had been hoisted his flag on two cities of Michigan and Texas. Anti-Muslim sentiment has probably reached its apex with the hearings of the Committee on national security of the American Chamber, chaired by another Republican, Peter King, who investigated on physiognomy and extension of Islamic radicalism "(and many have evoked the ghost of McCarthy on UN-American activities).

"There were times when I thought of leaving. Especially when the Reverend Jones has organized its ' bonfire of the Koran ". Ali (who prefers not to give the surname) has 27 years, works for a shipping company of Michigan. It went "because I don't have another place to go. I'm not going to return to Morocco, from where my grandparents ". Admits that, especially among his friends as a teenager, "there was a feeling of sympathy for bin Laden. We didn't exactly account of what he had done. I think there entered our frustration of children of immigrants. Then, crescendo, we noticed that behind bin-Laden there was no divine plan, and no chance of success. " The anger of wings has remained, and resurfaces when he, his father, his brothers spend checks at the airport. "Every time, dozens of questions. Each time, cross-checks. Each time, separate interrogations than those of the other passengers. "

At the end of August, the New York police had to admit that they have assigned plainclothes policemen to spy on and gather information in cafes, libraries, meeting centers of the Muslim community (activities conducted in collaboration with the CIA). The anger of many Muslims was summarized by Abdul Alim Musa, Iman Washington, according to which "Muslims of America living in a State of fear; fear in their homes, afraid to go to work, fear even to pray ". "But our leaders have not done enough to hear their voice. Not enough condemnation of terrorism, the distinction between Islam and terrorism ". EC explains Lena Shakir, 23-year-old daughter of Lebanese. Lena rejects a purely "defensive" Muslims of America. "It is right to defend our civil rights – explains-. But I would also like to Muslims of America does not remain on the margins, and found their own identity, an active role in society. Like other American community ". Lena has left the college in 20 years. It resumed in recent weeks, and hopes to graduate in business. "It's the gift that I do. A way to leave behind these ten bad years. Indeed, you know what? I think I will follow up the tenth anniversary celebrations. Even in television ".